In recent years, the role of the Notch signaling pathway in gastrointestinal development and normal gut homeostasis has been thoroughly demonstrated.

In this context, numerous studies have been conducted to elucidate signaling pathways that contribute to colorectal tumor development and progression and to use them as potential therapeutic targets, mainly to prevent aggressive tumor behavior and treatment resistance.Īlthough Notch signaling has traditionally been known for its role in determining cell fate, its identification as one of the most active pathways in cancer cells renders it a potential therapeutic target in CRC. Although curative surgery is possible in some cases, the fact that one-fifth of patients have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis and sixty percent of patients undergoing surgical resection experience recurrence and metastasis emphasizes the need to identify new strategies for the determination of CRC tumor behavior and treatment. In addition, sources of phenolic antioxidants are discussed in detail.Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and, despite significant advances in treatment, ranks third in cancer-related mortality and morbidity. This contribution summarizes both the synthetic and natural phenolic antioxidants, emphasizing their mode of action, health effects, degradation products and toxicology. Due to safety concerns and limitation on the use of synthetic antioxidants, natural antioxidants obtained from edible materials, edible by-products and residual sources have been of increasing interest. When added to foods, antioxidants control rancidity development, retard the formation of toxic oxidation products, maintain nutritional quality, and extend the shelf-life of products. There is increasing evidence that consumption of a variety of phenolic compounds present in foods may lower the risk of health disorders because of their antioxidant activity.

These compounds range structurally from a simple phenolic molecule to complex high-molecular-weight polymers.

Phenolic compounds, ubiquitous in plants, are an essential part of the human diet and are of considerable interest due to their antioxidant properties and potential beneficial health effects. This review reports on the latest research results and applications of phenolic and polyphenolic compounds.

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